Manganese possesses antioxidant properties and is involved in protein, fat, and energy metabolism. Manganese is also a component of the immune-related enzyme, superoxide dismutase.*

Minerals for Life™ water-soluble Manganese is a dietary supplement containing elemental manganese.

Manganese is a mineral that is required in small amounts to manufacture enzymes necessary for the metabolism of proteins and fat.* It also supports the immune system, blood sugar balance, and is involved in the production of cellular energy, reproduction, and bone growth.*

Manganese works with vitamin K to support normal blood clotting.* Working with the B-complex vitamins, manganese helps promote a positive outlook when faced with stress, frustration, and anxiety.*

Manganese is an essential part of biochemical reactions that affect bone, cartilage, brain function, and energy.* It makes up part of the molecules known as mucopolysaccharides. These molecules are used to form collagen, the strong, healthy, fibrous connective tissue that helps to build tissues throughout the body, including cartilage and bone. . “Manganese has a definite impact on a person’s mental activities, and if the mental faculties are to remain well-balanced and under control rather than unruly and chaotic, manganese must be balanced and supplied in proper quantities,” says Dr. Bernard Jensen in his book The Chemistry of Man. Manganese is required for bone metabolism and in many enzyme reactions.* Jeanne Freeland-Graves, R.D., Ph.D. states, “This is one mineral that you will definitely be hearing more about in the future.”

Manganese is the element that is often found in combination with lecithin. Lecithin is a brain and nerve fat. Manganese gives us strong nerves, coordination of thought, and promotes elasticity with body repair. Manganese is needed in the formation of thyroxin, which is produced by the thyroid gland.* Manganese is part of the entire brain system and is used whenever any of our mental faculties are utilized.*

Manganese makes up part of a molecule known as mucopolysaccharides. These molecules are used to form collagen, the strong, fibrous connective material that builds tissues throughout the body, including bone and cartilage, the rubbery cushioning found where bones meet.* The mesh of collagen is the framework on which calcium, magnesium, and other bone-hardening minerals are deposited.

Manganese is found in the bloodstream. The way it is metabolized is similar toiron. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the cell, yet it is different than iron as it is not hematinic.

Manganese is part of the proper development of the structure of the fragile ear bones and joint cartilage.* Although manganese is only found in small amounts in the body, it is vital and, if it is missing, it is impossible to maintain good health unless it is replaced.*

Manganese also influences the intestinal tract lining, biliary lining, laryngeal passages, excretory duct of the liver, the ovaries, and the linings of the generative organs.* It has a positive effect on the libido of men and women.* When researchers analyzed women’s premenstrual symptoms, they noticed a clear pattern: Most women reported much less severe symptoms when they followed a diet high in both calcium and manganese.*

Manganese is almost never found in excess but is found lacking in many cases because it is found in only minute traces in some foods and is totally absent in many. Manganese is to be considered when a tonic or favorable effect is desired on linings, membranes, joints, ligaments, and gelatinous and tubular structures.*

Manganese is involved in protein, fat, and energy metabolism, although its primary role is as an antioxidant.* Manganese is also a component of the immune-related enzyme, superoxide dismutase.*

Adult Directions
Take 1 teaspoon daily with a meal. Do not exceed
1 teaspoon daily. This product may be taken on an occasional basis ­ as desired.

Caution
Do not consume if tamper resistant seal is broken or missing. Keep cap tightly closed and out of reach of children. Not intended for children under 14 years of age. Not for pregnant or lactating women. First consult with your physician before starting this or any new mineral or nutrient supplement program. Isolated minerals or nutrients are best taken as part of a comprehensive supplement program containing a broad spectrum of nutrients.

Scientific References
Anonymous. Manganese and glucose tolerance. Nutrition Reviews. 26(7):207-9, 1968 Jul.

Babenko GA. Bober-Vandzhura IP. [Therapeutic use of manganese and zinc in obese patients]. [Russian] Vrachebnoe Delo. 11:152-4, 1967.

Carl EG, Keen BB, Gallagher BB, et al. Association of low blood manganese concentrations with epilepsy. Neurology. 336: 1584-1587, 1986.

Dupont CL and Tanaka Y. Blood manganese levels in children with convulsive disorder. Biochem Med. 33:246-255, 1985.

Editor. Manganese and glucose tolerance. Nutr. Rev. 26:207-210, 1968.

Freeland-Graves JH and Lin PH. Plasma uptake of manganese as affected by oral loads of manganese, calcium, milk, phosphorus, copper, and zinc. J Am. Coll. Nutr. 10:38-43, 1991.

Freeland-Graves JH. Manganese: An essential nutrient for humans. Nutrition Today. Pp. 13-19, November-December 1988.

Inoue T. Inoue S. Kubota K. Bactericidal activity of manganese and iodide ions against Staphylococcus aureus: a possible treatment for acute atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 79(5):360-2, 1999.

Mooradian AD and Morley JE. Micronutrient status in diabetes mellitus. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 45:877-895, 1987.

Papavasiliou P, et al. Seizure disorders and trace metals: Manganese in epileptics. Neurology. 29: 1466-1473, 1979.

Pasquier C, et al. Manganese containing superoxide dismutase deficiency in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammation. 8: 27-32, 1984.

Rosa GD, et al. Regulation of superoxide dismutase activity by dietary manganese. J. Nutr. 110:795-804, 1980.

Sampson P. Low manganese level may trigger epilepsy. JAMA. 238:1805, 1977.

Wimhurst JM and Manchester KL. Comparison of ability of Mg and Mn to activate the key enzymes of glycolysis. FEBS. Letters. 27:321-326, 1972.